DRY Code Review Skill

Perform a structured, thorough code review focused on the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) principle. The review is planned and tracked via a markdown file in plans/.

Overview

The DRY principle states: "Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system." This skill systematically finds violations and recommends fixes.

Workflow

Phase 1: Setup & Discovery

1. Create the tracking plan in plans/dry-review-<project-name>.md using the template below
2. Inventory the codebase: List all source files, their languages, sizes, and roles
3. Identify scope: Confirm with the user which directories/files to include or exclude (e.g., skip node_modules, vendor, generated files, test fixtures)

Phase 2: Automated Scanning

Run the scanning script to find likely duplication:

bash /path/to/dry-code-review/scripts/find_duplicates.sh <target_directory> [extensions]

The script detects:

• Identical or near-identical code blocks (3+ lines repeated)
• Repeated string literals and magic numbers
• Similar function signatures across files
• Repeated boilerplate and configuration patterns

Import/dependency lines are intentionally excluded from the duplicate-lines scan so they don't dominate the output.

Phase 3: Manual Analysis

After automated scanning, perform deeper analysis by reading the codebase. Look for these DRY violation categories:

Category 1: Literal Duplication

• Copy-pasted code blocks (exact or near-exact)
• Repeated string literals / magic numbers
• Duplicate configuration values

Category 2: Structural Duplication

• Functions/methods that do the same thing with minor variations
• Repeated conditional logic (same if/else chains)
• Similar class structures that could share a base class or mixin
• Repeated error handling patterns

Category 3: Logical Duplication

• Same business logic expressed differently in multiple places
• Repeated validation rules
• Duplicate data transformation pipelines
• Same algorithm implemented in multiple places

Category 4: Cross-Cutting Duplication

• Repeated boilerplate across files (logging, auth checks, error wrappers)
• Similar API endpoint handlers
• Repeated test setup/teardown code
• Duplicate build/deploy configuration

Phase 4: Findings & Recommendations

For each finding, document:

1. ID: Sequential identifier (DRY-001, DRY-002, ...)
2. Category: Which of the 4 categories above
3. Severity: 🔴 High (5+ repetitions or core logic) / 🟡 Medium (2-4 repetitions) / 🟢 Low (minor or cosmetic)
4. Locations: File paths and line numbers of all occurrences
5. Description: What is duplicated and why it matters
6. Recommendation: Specific refactoring approach
7. Effort: S / M / L estimate

Common Refactoring Recommendations

• Extract Function/Method: Pull repeated logic into a shared function
• Extract Constant/Config: Replace magic numbers and repeated literals
• Create Base Class/Mixin: Share behavior across similar classes
• Use Higher-Order Functions: Wrap repeated patterns (decorators, middleware)
• Create Shared Utility Module: Centralize cross-cutting concerns
• Use Templates/Generics: Parameterize structural duplication
• Apply Strategy Pattern: Replace repeated conditional branches
• Consolidate Configuration: Single source of truth for settings

Phase 5: Summary & Prioritization

Update the plan file with:

• Total findings count by category and severity
• A prioritized action list (quick wins first, then high-impact refactors)
• Estimated effort for full remediation
• Risk notes (what could break if refactored carelessly)

Plan File Template

The plan file MUST be created at plans/dry-review-<project-name>.md using this structure:

# DRY Code Review: <Project Name>

## Review Metadata
- **Date**: YYYY-MM-DD
- **Reviewer**: Claude (AI-assisted)
- **Scope**: <directories/files reviewed>
- **Languages**: <languages found>
- **Total Files Scanned**: <count>
- **Total Lines of Code**: <count>

## Status
- [ ] Phase 1: Setup & Discovery
- [ ] Phase 2: Automated Scanning
- [ ] Phase 3: Manual Analysis
- [ ] Phase 4: Findings & Recommendations
- [ ] Phase 5: Summary & Prioritization

## Scope Definition
### Included
- <list of included paths>

### Excluded
- <list of excluded paths and reasons>

## Findings

### Summary
| Category               | 🔴 High | 🟡 Medium | 🟢 Low | Total |
|------------------------|---------|----------|--------|-------|
| Literal Duplication    |         |          |        |       |
| Structural Duplication |         |          |        |       |
| Logical Duplication    |         |          |        |       |
| Cross-Cutting          |         |          |        |       |
| **Total**              |         |          |        |       |

### Detailed Findings

#### DRY-001: <Title>
- **Category**: <category>
- **Severity**: 🔴/🟡/🟢
- **Locations**:
  - `path/to/file1.ts:L10-L25`
  - `path/to/file2.ts:L30-L45`
- **Description**: <what is duplicated>
- **Recommendation**: <how to fix>
- **Effort**: S/M/L

<!-- Repeat for each finding -->

## Prioritized Action Plan

### Quick Wins (Small effort, immediate value)
1. <action item>

### High-Impact Refactors (Medium/Large effort)
1. <action item>

### Nice-to-Have (Low priority)
1. <action item>

## Risk Notes
- <things to watch out for when refactoring>

## Review Log
- YYYY-MM-DD: Review initiated
- YYYY-MM-DD: <phase completed>

Important Guidelines

• Don't over-DRY: Not all repetition is bad. Flag but note when duplication is acceptable (e.g., test readability, intentional denormalization, simple 2-line patterns)
• Respect boundaries: Code that looks similar but serves different domains may rightfully be separate (bounded contexts)
• Consider churn: Frequently modified code benefits more from DRY than stable code
• Preserve clarity: A refactoring that makes code harder to read is not an improvement
• Track progress: Update the plan file checkboxes as each phase completes
• Be specific: Always include file paths and line numbers, never vague references