Project Scaffolding Guide

Requires: agents-cli (uv tool install google-agents-cli) — install uv first if needed.

Use the agents-cli CLI to create new agent projects or enhance existing ones with deployment, CI/CD, and infrastructure scaffolding.

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Prerequisite: Clarify Requirements (MANDATORY for new projects)

Before scaffolding a new project, load /google-agents-cli-workflow and complete Phase 0 — clarify the user's requirements before running any scaffold create command. Ask what the agent should do, what tools/APIs it needs, and whether they want a prototype or full deployment.

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Step 1: Choose Architecture

Mapping user choices to CLI flags:

Choice	CLI flag
Retrieval/RAG, sandboxed execution, cross-session memory, OAuth consent, guardrails, scheduled runs	No flag — these come from clone-and-study recipes. ADK Python: see the topic index in /google-agents-cli-adk-code → references/samples.md; on other frameworks, see the sample index the framework template ships
A2A protocol	built into the scaffolded app — scaffold normally (ADK Python: --agent adk, the default; ADK Go: --agent adk_go)
Prototype (no deployment)	--prototype
Deployment target	--deployment-target <agent_runtime|cloud_run|gke>
CI/CD runner	--cicd-runner <github_actions|google_cloud_build>
Session storage	--session-type <in_memory|cloud_sql|agent_platform_sessions>

Product name mapping

Older names → CLI values (vertexai SDK package name unchanged):

• Agent Engine / Vertex AI Agent Engine → --deployment-target agent_runtime
• Agent Engine sessions / Agent Platform Sessions → --session-type agent_platform_sessions
• Vertex AI Search / Vertex AI Vector Search / RAG → clone-and-study recipe, not a flag

Removed flags. --datastore, the agentic_rag template, and agents-cli infra datastore / agents-cli data-ingestion no longer exist. If you reach for one, you want a recipe instead.

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Step 2: Create or Enhance the Project

Create a New Project

agents-cli scaffold create <project-name> \
  --agent <template> \
  --deployment-target <target> \
  --region <region> \
  --prototype

Constraints:

• Project name must be 26 characters or less, lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens only.
• Do NOT mkdir the project directory before running create — the CLI creates it automatically. If you mkdir first, create will fail or behave unexpectedly.
• Auto-detect the guidance filename based on the IDE you are running in and pass --agent-guidance-filename accordingly (GEMINI.md for Antigravity CLI, CLAUDE.md for Claude Code, AGENTS.md for OpenAI Codex/other).
• When enhancing an existing project, check where the agent code lives. If it's not in app/, pass --agent-directory <dir> (e.g. --agent-directory agent). Getting this wrong causes enhance to miss or misplace files.

Reference Files

File	Contents
references/flags.md	Full flag reference for create and enhance commands

Enhance an Existing Project

agents-cli scaffold enhance . --deployment-target <target>
agents-cli scaffold enhance . --cicd-runner <runner>

Run this from inside the project directory (or pass the path instead of .).

Upgrade a Project

Upgrade an existing project to a newer agents-cli version, intelligently applying updates while preserving your customizations:

agents-cli scaffold upgrade                # Upgrade current directory
agents-cli scaffold upgrade <project-path> # Upgrade specific project
agents-cli scaffold upgrade --dry-run      # Preview changes without applying
agents-cli scaffold upgrade --auto-approve  # Auto-apply non-conflicting changes
agents-cli scaffold upgrade --force        # Overwrite scaffolding files when smart-merge fails
agents-cli scaffold upgrade --force --dry-run  # List what --force would overwrite

--force is a fallback for when smart-merge fails. It overwrites scaffolding files with the new template and keeps agent code, config files, README.md, the agent guidance file and eval datasets and config. It never removes dependencies or files the new template dropped (for example, a removed CI workflow), so remove unused ones by hand. Afterwards, check your imports and run your tests. Use --dry-run first to see which files change.

Execution Modes

The CLI defaults to strict programmatic mode — all required params must be supplied as CLI flags or a UsageError is raised. No approval flags needed. Pass all required params explicitly.

Common Workflows

Always ask the user before running these commands. Present the options (CI/CD runner, deployment target, etc.) and confirm before executing.

# Add deployment to an existing prototype (strict programmatic)
agents-cli scaffold enhance . --deployment-target agent_runtime

# Add CI/CD pipeline (ask: GitHub Actions or Cloud Build?)
agents-cli scaffold enhance . --cicd-runner github_actions

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Template Options

Template	Language	Deployment	Description
adk	Python	Agent Runtime, Cloud Run, GKE	Standard ADK agent (default); A2A protocol built in
adk_go	Go	Agent Runtime, Cloud Run, GKE	Standard ADK Go agent; A2A protocol built in

adk and adk_go are the only built-in templates. adk is the default, so a Go project needs --agent adk_go explicitly. Other frameworks ship as template repos you scaffold from directly: --agent google/agents-cli/extensions/langchain/template@v1.9.0, with nothing installed. The first-party LangChain template is extensions/langchain/template/ in the agents-cli repo; see /google-agents-cli-workflow → references/extension.md to publish your own. Capabilities beyond the template — retrieval, sandboxed execution, memory, OAuth, guardrails — are clone-and-study recipes, not templates. ADK Python: see the topic index in /google-agents-cli-adk-code → references/samples.md.

Live and voice agents: no template. Scaffold adk, then follow the conversion checklist in /google-agents-cli-adk-code (references/adk-python-live.md, "Converting a scaffolded project to Live"). The model swap is one of five edits.

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Deployment Options

Target	Description
agent_runtime	Managed by Google (Vertex AI Agent Runtime). Container-based — Agent Engine builds the project Dockerfile. Sessions handled automatically.
cloud_run	Container-based deployment. More control; you build and deploy the Dockerfile.
gke	Container-based on GKE Autopilot. Full Kubernetes control.
none	No deployment scaffolding. Code only (still includes a Dockerfile).

"Prototype First" Pattern (Recommended)

Start with --prototype to skip CI/CD and Terraform. Focus on getting the agent working first, then add deployment later with scaffold enhance:

# Step 1: Create a prototype
agents-cli scaffold create my-agent --agent adk --prototype

# Step 2: Iterate on the agent code...

# Step 3: Add deployment when ready
agents-cli scaffold enhance . --deployment-target agent_runtime

Agent Runtime and session_type

When using agent_runtime as the deployment target, Agent Runtime manages sessions internally. If your code sets a session_type, clear it — Agent Runtime overrides it.

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Step 3: Load Dev Workflow

After scaffolding, immediately load /google-agents-cli-workflow — it contains the development workflow, coding guidelines, and operational rules you must follow when implementing the agent.

What you edit differs by language; /google-agents-cli-adk-code has the annotated tree for each, in references/adk-python.md and references/adk-go.md.

• ADK Python (--agent adk) — customize app/agent.py and app/tools.py.
• ADK Go (--agent adk_go) — customize app/agent.go.

.env is yours. Preserve everything else the template generated — it wires up serving, sessions and the built-in A2A surface.

Adapting a recipe: copy its app/, infra/terraform/, and any ingestion or provisioning into your scaffolded project, then run provisioning from the recipe's own Makefile (e.g. make setup-infra). Start from its AGENTS.md.

Verifying your agent works: Use agents-cli run "test prompt" for quick smoke tests, then agents-cli eval run for systematic validation. Do NOT write pytest tests that assert on LLM response content, that belongs in eval.

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Scaffold as Reference

When you need specific files (Terraform, CI/CD workflows, Dockerfile) but don't want to scaffold the current project directly, create a temporary reference project in /tmp/:

agents-cli scaffold create ref-project --output-dir /tmp \
  --agent adk \
  --deployment-target cloud_run

Inspect the generated files, adapt what you need, and copy into the actual project. Delete the reference project when done.

This is useful for:

• Non-standard project structures that enhance can't handle
• Cherry-picking specific infrastructure files
• Understanding what the CLI generates before committing to it

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Critical Rules

• NEVER skip requirements clarification — load /google-agents-cli-workflow Phase 0 and clarify the user's intent before running scaffold create
• NEVER change the model in existing code unless explicitly asked
• NEVER mkdir before create — the CLI creates the directory; pre-creating it causes enhance mode instead of create mode
• NEVER create a Git repo or push to remote without asking — confirm repo name, public vs private, and whether the user wants it created at all
• Always ask before choosing CI/CD runner — present GitHub Actions and Cloud Build as options, don't default silently
• Agent Runtime clears session_type — if deploying to agent_runtime, remove any session_type setting from your code
• Start with --prototype for quick iteration — add deployment later with enhance
• Project names must be ≤26 characters, lowercase, letters/numbers/hyphens only
• NEVER write A2A code from scratch — A2A is built into the scaffolded app (the adk and adk_go templates and framework templates alike); each language's A2A surface (import paths, AgentCard schema etc.) is non-trivial and changes across versions. Scaffold normally; never hand-write the A2A surface. (The only sanctioned A2A hand-edit is removing the generated wiring for a Live agent, which can't be served over A2A — see /google-agents-cli-adk-code, references/adk-python-live.md.)

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Examples

Using scaffold as reference: User says: "I need a Dockerfile for my non-standard project" Actions:

1. Create temp project: agents-cli scaffold create ref --output-dir /tmp --agent adk --deployment-target cloud_run
2. Copy relevant files (Dockerfile, etc.) from /tmp/ref
3. Delete temp project Result: Infrastructure files adapted to the actual project

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A2A project: User says: "Build me a Python agent that exposes A2A and deploys to Cloud Run" Actions:

1. Follow the standard flow (understand requirements, choose architecture, scaffold)
2. agents-cli scaffold create my-a2a-agent --agent adk --deployment-target cloud_run --prototype Result: Valid A2A imports and Dockerfile — no manual A2A code written.

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Go project: User says: "Build me a Go agent that deploys to Cloud Run" Actions:

1. Follow the standard flow (understand requirements, choose architecture, scaffold)
2. agents-cli scaffold create my-go-agent --agent adk_go --deployment-target cloud_run --prototype Result: Go project with app/agent.go, the launcher in main.go, and the A2A card at the root.

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Troubleshooting

agents-cli command not found

See /google-agents-cli-workflow → Setup section.

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Related Skills

• /google-agents-cli-workflow — Development workflow, coding guidelines, and the build-evaluate-deploy lifecycle
• /google-agents-cli-adk-code — ADK API quick reference for writing agent code, including the graph Workflow API
• /google-agents-cli-deploy — Deployment targets, CI/CD pipelines, and production workflows
• /google-agents-cli-eval — Evaluation methodology, dataset schema, and the eval-fix loop