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azure-expressroute

Expert knowledge for Azure ExpressRoute development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when configuring ExpressRoute circuits/gateways, BGP routing (incl. IPv6), FastPath, Global Reach, or MACsec/IPsec, and other Azure ExpressRoute related development tasks. Not for Azure Virtual Network (use azure-virtual-network), Azure Virtual WAN (use azure-virtual-wan), Azure VPN Gateway (use azure-vpn-gateway), Azure Internet Peering (use azure-internet-peering).

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Azure ExpressRoute Skill

This skill provides expert guidance for Azure ExpressRoute. Covers troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities.

How to Use This Skill

IMPORTANT for Agent: Use the Category Index below to locate relevant sections. For categories with line ranges (e.g., L35-L120), use read_file with the specified lines. For categories with file links (e.g., [security.md](security.md)), use read_file on the linked reference file

IMPORTANT for Agent: If metadata.generated_at is more than 3 months old, suggest the user pull the latest version from the repository. If mcp_microsoftdocs tools are not available, suggest the user install it: Installation Guide

This skill requires network access to fetch documentation content:

Preferred: Use mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch with query string from=learn-agent-skill. Returns Markdown.
Fallback: Use fetch_webpage with query string from=learn-agent-skill&accept=text/markdown. Returns Markdown.

Category Index

Category	Lines	Description
Troubleshooting	L37-L42	Troubleshooting ExpressRoute resiliency and asymmetric routing issues, plus FAQs on connectivity models, supported services, bandwidth, and pricing to resolve design or outage-related questions.
Best Practices	L43-L53	Best practices for ExpressRoute capacity planning, QoS, BGP communities, gateway hardware migration, and validating resiliency via gateway and circuit failover testing.
Decision Making	L54-L62	Guidance on choosing and configuring ExpressRoute gateways, SKUs, resiliency/topology options, VNet connectivity patterns, and planning/managing ExpressRoute-related costs.
Architecture & Design Patterns	L63-L74	Designing resilient, highly available ExpressRoute architectures, including DR patterns, multi-circuit routing/Global Reach, VPN coexistence and failover, and using Microsoft peering for PSTN.
Limits & Quotas	L75-L83	ExpressRoute limits on bandwidth, routes, gateways, FastPath, provider rate limiting, plus monitoring and FAQs to avoid hitting connectivity and quota constraints.
Security	L84-L92	Encryption and security for ExpressRoute: IPsec/MACsec setup, NAT requirements, RBAC roles/permissions, and applying network security controls to private circuits.
Configuration	L93-L121	Configuring ExpressRoute circuits, gateways, routing/peering, BGP (incl. IPv6, communities, BFD), NAT, monitoring, resiliency, and coexistence with VPN using portal, CLI, and PowerShell
Integrations & Coding Patterns	L122-L129	Configuring and automating ExpressRoute circuits and connectivity, including Azure CLI management, NAT setups for Cisco/Juniper, and S2S VPN over Microsoft peering.
Deployment	L130-L137	Guides for deploying and migrating ExpressRoute circuits/gateways, including Direct SKUs, zone/AZ-enabled gateways, and ARM/Terraform-based provisioning and traffic migration.

Troubleshooting

Topic	URL
Test and validate resiliency of redundant ExpressRoute circuits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/evaluate-circuit-resiliency
Diagnose and resolve asymmetric routing with ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-asymmetric-routing

Best Practices

Topic	URL
Apply best practices for ExpressRoute bandwidth upgrades	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-upgrade-circuit-bandwidth
Manage complex ExpressRoute networks using BGP communities	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/bgp-communities
Apply QoS requirements for Skype voice over ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-qos
Migrate legacy ExpressRoute gateway connections to new hardware	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-recreate-connections
Use Resiliency Insights to harden ExpressRoute gateways	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-insights
Validate ExpressRoute gateway resiliency with failover tests	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-validation
Test and validate Azure ExpressRoute link failover	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/test-link-failover

Decision Making

Topic	URL
Select and configure ExpressRoute virtual network gateways	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-virtual-network-gateways
Plan and execute ExpressRoute gateway SKU migration	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/gateway-migration
Plan and manage Azure ExpressRoute costs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/plan-manage-cost
Select ExpressRoute gateway resiliency configuration	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-model
Choose VNet connectivity options over ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/virtual-network-connectivity-guidance

Architecture & Design Patterns

Topic	URL
Design resilient Azure ExpressRoute network architectures	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/design-architecture-for-resiliency
Design disaster recovery with Azure ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/designing-for-disaster-recovery-with-expressroute-privatepeering
Architect high availability for Azure ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/designing-for-high-availability-with-expressroute
Connect multiple ExpressRoute circuits with Global Reach	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-global-reach
Optimize routing across multiple ExpressRoute circuits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-optimize-routing
Architect coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN connections	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-coexisting-gateway-portal
Design S2S VPN backup for ExpressRoute private peering	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/use-s2s-vpn-as-backup-for-expressroute-privatepeering
Use ExpressRoute Microsoft peering for PSTN services	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/using-expressroute-for-microsoft-pstn

Limits & Quotas

Topic	URL
Evaluate Azure ExpressRoute FastPath limits and usage	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-fastpath
Azure ExpressRoute FAQs on limits and connectivity details	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-faqs
Monitor ExpressRoute advertised routes to avoid limits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-custom-route-alert
Understand rate limiting on provider-based ExpressRoute circuits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/provider-rate-limit
ExpressRoute scalable gateway features and limits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/scalable-gateway

Security

Topic	URL
Use encryption options with Azure ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-encryption
Configure IPsec transport mode over ExpressRoute for Windows	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-ipsec-transport-private-windows
Configure MACsec security for Azure ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-macsec
Roles and permissions for ExpressRoute resources	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/roles-permissions
Apply security controls to Azure ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/secure-expressroute

Configuration

Topic	URL
Configure customer-controlled maintenance windows for ExpressRoute gateways	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/customer-controlled-gateway-maintenance
Configure BFD settings for Azure ExpressRoute private peering	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-bfd
Configure on-premises routers for Azure ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-config-samples-routing
Configure IPv6 private peering for Azure ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-add-ipv6
Configure coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN connections (classic)	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-classic
Configure coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN gateways	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-resource-manager
Connect VNets to ExpressRoute circuits with PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-linkvnet-arm
Link Azure VNets to ExpressRoute circuits via CLI	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-linkvnet-cli
Reset ExpressRoute circuit peerings with PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-reset-peering
Reset ExpressRoute circuit peerings in Azure portal	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-reset-peering-portal
Configure ExpressRoute routing and peering with PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-routing-arm
Configure ExpressRoute peering in Azure portal	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-routing-portal-resource-manager
Configure a scalable ExpressRoute gateway in portal	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-scalable-portal
Configure ExpressRoute Global Reach with PowerShell	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-set-global-reach
Configure ExpressRoute Global Reach in Azure portal	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-set-global-reach-portal
Configure NAT requirements for Azure ExpressRoute circuits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-nat
Configure Connection Monitor for ExpressRoute connectivity	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-connection-monitor
Configure custom BGP communities for ExpressRoute private peering	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-custom-bgp-communities
Configure custom BGP community values for ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-custom-bgp-communities-portal
Configure ExpressRoute Traffic Collector and Log Analytics	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-traffic-collector
Configure Azure ExpressRoute Direct resources	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-expressroute-direct-portal
Configure route filters for ExpressRoute Microsoft peering	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-routefilter-portal
Configure ExpressRoute peering using Azure CLI	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-routing-cli
Use Azure Monitor metrics and logs for ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/monitor-expressroute-reference
Configure rate limiting on ExpressRoute Direct circuits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/rate-limit

Integrations & Coding Patterns

Topic	URL
Apply Cisco and Juniper NAT configurations for ExpressRoute	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-config-samples-nat
Programmatically manage ExpressRoute circuits using Azure CLI	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-circuit-cli
Create and manage ExpressRoute circuits using Azure CLI	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-circuit-cli
Configure S2S VPN over ExpressRoute Microsoft peering	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/site-to-site-vpn-over-microsoft-peering

Deployment

Topic	URL
Migrate production traffic between ExpressRoute circuits	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/circuit-migration
Understand ExpressRoute Direct SKUs and technical requirements	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-erdirect-about
Deploy an Azure ExpressRoute circuit via ARM template	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-circuit-resource-manager-template
Migrate to zone-redundant ExpressRoute gateway SKUs	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-gateway-migration-portal
Provision ExpressRoute circuit and gateway using Terraform	https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/quickstart-create-expressroute-vnet-terraform

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azure-active-directory-b2c

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Expert knowledge for Azure Active Directory B2C development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when building B2C user flows/custom policies, configuring IdPs/MFA, securing APIs, automating CI/CD, or monitoring with Sentinel, and other Azure Active Directory B2C related development tasks. Not for Azure Role-based access control (use azure-rbac), Azure Information Protection (use azure-information-protection), Azure Security (use azure-security), Azure Sentinel (use azure-sentinel).

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