UI/UX Patterns

Somut, olculebilir UX kurallari ve stil rehberi. Tahmin degil, sayi var.

Priority Kategorileri

Oncelik	Kategori	Seviye
1	Accessibility	CRITICAL
2	Navigation & Wayfinding	HIGH
3	Forms & Input	HIGH
4	Typography & Readability	HIGH
5	Color & Contrast	HIGH
6	Layout & Spacing	MEDIUM
7	Motion & Animation	MEDIUM
8	Data Display	MEDIUM
9	Feedback & States	MEDIUM
10	Charts & Visualization	LOW

Named UX Rules (Sayisal Esiklerle)

Accessibility (CRITICAL)

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
touch-target-size	min 44x44pt (iOS), 48x48dp (Android)	Dokunma alani minimum boyutu
color-contrast-normal	4.5:1	Normal text kontrast orani (WCAG AA)
color-contrast-large	3:1	Buyuk text (18px+ bold, 24px+) kontrast
color-contrast-enhanced	7:1	AAA seviye kontrast
focus-indicator	2px+ visible ring	Klavye focus gostergesi
text-resize	200% zoom, icerik kaybolmamali	Browser zoom destegi
animation-respect	prefers-reduced-motion	Animasyon tercihi

Navigation & Wayfinding

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
navigation-depth	max 3 seviye	Derinlik siniri
breadcrumb-threshold	2+ seviye derinlikte goster	Breadcrumb gorunurlugu
back-button-always	Her alt sayfada	Geri donme garantisi
search-visibility	5+ nav item varsa arama ekle	Arama esigi
menu-item-limit	7 +/- 2 (5-9 arasi)	Miller's Law

Forms & Input

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
form-field-limit	max 7 field/step	Tek adimda alan siniri
label-position	ustte, sola dayali	Label pozisyonu
error-proximity	hata mesaji input'un 8px altinda	Hata mesaji konumu
password-strength	min 8 karakter + indicator	Sifre gosterge
autosave-interval	30 saniyede bir	Otomatik kayit
input-height	min 44px	Girdi alani yuksekligi
placeholder-not-label	Asla placeholder'i label olarak kullanma	Placeholder kurali

Typography & Readability

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
body-font-size	min 16px (mobile), 14px (desktop)	Govde yazi boyutu
line-height	1.4-1.6x font size	Satir yuksekligi
line-length	45-75 karakter	Ideal satir uzunlugu
heading-hierarchy	h1 > h2 > h3, atlama yapma	Baslik hiyerarsisi
paragraph-spacing	1.5x line-height	Paragraf arasi bosluk
font-weight-contrast	min 2 kademe fark (400 vs 600)	Agirlik kontrasti

Color & Contrast

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
max-brand-colors	3 ana + 2 accent	Renk paleti siniri
status-colors	Yesil=basari, Kirmizi=hata, Sari=uyari, Mavi=bilgi	Durum renkleri
color-not-alone	Renk + icon/text birlikte	Renk tek bilgi tasiyici olmamali
dark-mode-contrast	Ayri kontrast kontrolu	Dark mode icin ozel kontrol

Motion & Animation

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
duration-micro	100-150ms	Hover, toggle, checkbox
duration-standard	150-300ms	Modal, dropdown, tab switch
duration-complex	300-500ms	Page transition, expand
stagger-sequence	30-50ms aralik	Liste animasyon gecikme
easing-enter	ease-out	Goruntuye giren eleman
easing-exit	ease-in	Goruntudan cikan eleman
easing-move	ease-in-out	Pozisyon degisimi
no-bounce	Ease fonksiyonu kullan	Bounce animasyon kullanma

Layout & Spacing

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
content-max-width	1200-1440px	Icerik maksimum genislik
card-padding	min 16px, ideal 24px	Kart ic boslugu
section-gap	32-64px	Bolum arasi bosluk
grid-gutter	16-24px	Grid arasi bosluk
mobile-padding	min 16px kenar	Mobil kenar boslugu
z-index-scale	dropdown:10, modal:50, toast:100	Z-index katmanlama

Feedback & States

Kural	Esik	Aciklama
loading-indicator	300ms sonra goster	Loading gecikme esigi
skeleton-screen	1s+ yukleme suresi	Skeleton gosterim esigi
toast-duration	3-5 saniye (bilgi), kalici (hata)	Bildirim suresi
empty-state	Her listede bos durum tasarla	Bos durum zorunlulugu
success-feedback	Her eylem sonrasi onay	Basari geri bildirimi
error-recovery	Her hatada cozum yolu sun	Hata kurtarma

UI Stil Katalogu

Stil	Ozellik	Ne Zaman Kullan
Minimalism	Az eleman, cok bosluk, monokrom	SaaS, portfolyo, landing
Flat Design	2D, golgesiz, temiz cizgiler	Dashboard, admin panel
Material Design	Elevation, grid, bold color	Android, Google ekosistemi
Glassmorphism	Yari saydam, blur, frost-cam efekti	Hero section, card overlay
Neumorphism	Soft shadow, ic/dis golge, monokrom	Hesap makinesi, player, niche UI
Neubrutalism	Kalin border, bold renk, raw tipografi	Yaratici portfolio, startup landing
Brutalism	Ham, stilize edilmemis, web-punk	Sanat, deneysel projeler
Bento Grid	Asimetrik grid, kart tabanli layout	Dashboard, ozellik vitrin
Liquid Glass	Refraction efekti, saydam katmanlar	Premium urun, Apple esintili UI
Skeuomorphism	Gercek obje taklidi	Oyun, muzik, niche app
Claymorphism	3D, yumusak, kilit hamuru efekti	Egitim, cocuk uygulamasi
Aurora UI	Gradient-agirlikli, koyu arka plan	Fintech, crypto, premium
Retro/Pixel	8-bit estetik, piksel font	Oyun, nostalji temalik
Organic/Blob	Yumusak formlar, dogal renkler	Saglik, wellness, organik urun
Data-Dense	Kompakt layout, cok veri, kucuk font	Bloomberg terminal, analytics
Card-Based	Her icerik bir kart, taranabilir	E-commerce, sosyal medya, listing
Split-Screen	Ekran ikiye bolunmus, kontrast	Landing, karsilastirma, portfolio
Monochrome	Tek renk tonlari, minimalist	Luks marka, editoryal
Gradient-Heavy	Canli gecisler, enerji, modernlik	SaaS marketing, startup
Dark-First	Koyu tema oncelikli, neon aksan	Developer tool, media, oyun

Industry-Specific Rehber

Sanayi	Onerilen Stil	YAPMA
SaaS / B2B	Minimalism, Flat, Card-Based	Glassmorphism (kafa karistirir), Neumorphism
E-commerce	Card-Based, Flat	Dark-First (urun gorunmuyor), Brutalism
Healthcare	Flat, Organic, Accessible	Neon renkler, karisik layout, kucuk font
Fintech	Data-Dense, Aurora, Flat	Oyunsu eleman, belirsiz ikonlar
Education	Card-Based, Claymorphism, Organic	Data-Dense (ogrenciyi bunaltir)
Media / News	Card-Based, Bento Grid	Glassmorphism (okunurluk duser)
Developer Tools	Dark-First, Monochrome, Data-Dense	Neumorphism, abart animasyon
Gaming	Skeuomorphism, Retro, Gradient	Minimalism (sikici), corporate stil
Luxury / Fashion	Monochrome, Split-Screen, Minimalism	Bento Grid, Claymorphism

Pre-Delivery UX Checklist

Accessibility (Zorunlu)

• Tum resimler icin anlamli alt text
• Kontrast orani: normal text 4.5:1, buyuk text 3:1
• Keyboard ile tam navigasyon (Tab, Enter, Escape)
• Focus indicator gorunur (outline kaldirma)
• Touch target min 44x44pt
• Screen reader ile test edildi
• prefers-reduced-motion destegi
• lang attribute <html> tag'inde

Forms

• Her input'un label'i var (placeholder != label)
• Hata mesajlari input'un hemen altinda
• Inline validation (submit beklemeden)
• Required field belirtilmis
• Autofill/autocomplete calisiyor

States

• Loading state (skeleton veya spinner)
• Empty state (bos liste/tablo icin)
• Error state (hata durumu UI'i)
• Success feedback (islem onay)
• Disabled state (tiklanamazligi belli)
• Hover state (clickable elemanlarda)
• Active/selected state

Responsive

• 320px genislikte kirilma yok
• 1920px genislikte bosluk fazla degil
• Touch cihazda hover-dependent icerik yok
• Yatay scroll yok (tasma kontrolu)
• Font boyutlari mobilde okunabilir (min 16px)

Performance

• LCP < 2.5s
• CLS < 0.1
• INP < 200ms
• Resimler lazy-loaded
• Font FOUT/FOIT yok (font-display: swap)

Genel

• Tutarli spacing (4px/8px grid)
• Tutarli border-radius
• Dark mode token'lari dogru
• 404 sayfasi var
• Favicon ve meta taglar